EVALUATION BIOCONTROL OF TRICHODERMA SPP. AGAINST MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA ON SUNFLOWER

Abstract:

Sunflower disease Macrophomina phaseolina reduces yields by 35 percent in Iraq.
The effectiveness of two species of Trichoderma against the disease was evaluated
because there are no long-term control strategies and it is also difficult to eradicate
it chemically. Using universal primer pairs, namely ITS, the Trichoderma species
T.asperellum and T.longibrachitum molecular identities were verified. The results
showed the highest reduction in the infection percentage and disease severity
resulting in 21.07% and 0.18 compared to 74.65% and 0.74, in the presence of
pathogen alone, respectively. and lead to an increase in seeds germination
percentage, root and shoot dry weight were 93.55%,33.86, and 200.85 g,
respectively, compared to 60.3%, 10.5 and 125.52 g, respectively, in the presence of
pathogen alone, also increase in shoot and root heights were 127.3 and 14.8 cm
respectively, compared to control 56.67 and 8.36cm, respectively.